There is a unique magic to an antique map. It is more than a guide; it is a window into a forgotten world, a snapshot of a city’s soul frozen in time. To own an antique map of Edinburgh is to possess a tangible piece of its rich, layered history. It’s a conversation starter, a stunning piece of art, and a profound connection to the generations that have walked its streets before us.
Whether you’re a dedicated bibliophile, a lover of Scottish history, or searching for a gift of unparalleled thoughtfulness, an antique map offers a unique allure. This guide will navigate you through the captivating journey of finding, authenticating, and cherishing your very own piece of Auld Reekie’s past.
Why an Antique Map? The Allure of Cartographic History
An antique map of Edinburgh is not a mere reproduction. It is a primary source, an artifact that has survived centuries. Its value lies in its story.
- A Work of Art: Before the digital age, cartography was an art form. Maps were engraved by master craftsmen onto copper plates, printed on heavy paper, and often finished by hand with delicate watercolour washes. The intricate typography, the elaborate compass roses, and the whimsical sea monsters lurking in the Firth of Forth all contribute to a breathtaking aesthetic that dominates any room.
- A Historical Document: Each map tells a specific story of its era. A 17th-century map might show a city confined to the Royal Mile, surrounded by fortified walls, and dominated by the castle. An 18th-century map will reveal the first strides of the New Town, a bold Enlightenment project pushing north from the crowded Old Town. A 19th-century map details the explosive growth of the Victorian era, with new railways, bridges, and suburbs forever changing the city’s footprint. Studying these changes is a fascinating lesson in urban evolution.
- A Personal Connection: For those with Scottish heritage, a map can be a powerful link to ancestry. Perhaps your family hails from Leith, the Grassmarket, or a village now absorbed into the city. Finding a map that shows that specific place at a specific time creates an irreplaceable personal heirloom.
- A Sound Investment: While the emotional value is paramount, a well-chosen antique map can also be a sound financial investment. Rare, historically significant maps from esteemed cartographers have consistently appreciated in value over time, as the finite supply meets growing demand from collectors worldwide.
A Journey Through Time: Key Periods and Cartographers
Understanding the different eras of mapmaking will help you focus your search and appreciate what you’re looking at.
- The Early Birds (16th – 17th Centuries): These are the rarest and most valuable maps. They often present a more symbolic than strictly accurate view of the city. Look for names like Georg Braun & Franz Hogenberg, who included a iconic bird’s-eye view of Edinburgh in their seminal Civitates Orbis Terrarum (1572-1617). These maps are incredibly scarce and command high prices, often found in major institutions or高端 auctions.
- The Enlightenment & Expansion (18th Century): This was a golden age for Scottish cartography. Maps from this period document the most dramatic transformation in Edinburgh’s history: the creation of the New Town.
- John Laurie’s 1766 plan is a crucial map, showing the proposed plans for the New Town just as they were being conceived.
- William Edgar’s 1742 map is one of the first accurate surveys of the city, while his 1765 update captures the moment of change.
- The Victorian Detail (19th Century): The 1800s saw advances in printing and surveying, leading to highly detailed and accurate maps. This is the most accessible category for new collectors.
- John Wood’s 1824 map is a beautifully clear and detailed town plan.
- Ordnance Survey maps, first published for Edinburgh in the 1850s, are marvels of precision, capturing every building, street, and garden. They are plentiful, affordable, and perfect for pinpointing historical locations.
Your Guide to the Hunt: Where to Find Antique Maps
The thrill of the hunt is part of the adventure. Here are the best places to search:
- Reputable Antiquarian Map & Print Dealers: This is the best option for beginners. Established dealers (many with online catalogues) offer guaranteed authenticity, accurate descriptions, and professional conservation advice. They often have maps from a range of periods and prices. Look for dealers who are members of professional bodies like the ABA (Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association) or IMCoS (International Map Collectors’ Society).
- Auction Houses: Major houses like Lyon & Turnbull or Bonhams in Edinburgh often have dedicated travel and cartography auctions. This can be a place to find rare pieces, but it requires more knowledge and comfort with the bidding process. Always view the lot in person beforehand and set a strict budget.
- Antique Fairs and Book Fairs: These can be treasure troves. The annual Edinburgh International Book Fair is an excellent venue. You can handle maps directly and speak with knowledgeable sellers.
- Online Marketplaces (with Caution): Sites like eBay and Etsy offer a huge volume of maps. Exercise extreme caution. While genuine treasures can be found, these sites are also rife with modern reproductions passed off as originals. Meticulously check the seller’s credentials and feedback.
The Collector’s Eye: What to Look For and What to Avoid
Before you buy, arm yourself with knowledge.
- Condition is Key: Examine the map for condition issues. Look for:
- Foxing: Those brownish spots caused by age and iron particles in the paper. Some is expected; extensive foxing can be distracting.
- Creases, Tears, or Paper Thinning: Check the edges and centre folds.
- Colouring: Is it original hand-colouring? Later added colour? Or is it a modern photocopy? Original colour is most desirable.
- Margins: Maps were often trimmed to be framed. Wide, untrimmed margins are generally preferred.
- Authenticity, Authenticity, Authenticity: The biggest pitfall is buying a reproduction. Learn the tell-tale signs:
- Paper Feel: Original maps were printed on laid paper with a slightly textured surface. Modern paper is often whiter and smoother.
- The Dot Test: Under a magnifying glass, a modern lithographic reproduction will be made of tiny dots of ink (a CMYK dot pattern). An original engraving will have a solid, sharp line where the ink was pressed into the paper from the engraved plate.
- Provenance: A map’s history of ownership can add to its value and interest. Does it come from a famous library or collection?
Caring for Your Treasure: Preservation and Display
Once you’ve made your purchase, protect your investment.
- Framing: This is non-negotiable. Use a professional framer who understands conservation. The map should be mounted with acid-free materials and UV-protective glass to prevent fading from sunlight. Avoid using any kind of adhesive!
- Environment: Hang your map away from direct sunlight, damp walls, or sources of heat like radiators. A stable, cool, dry environment is ideal.
- Handling: Always handle your map with clean, dry hands and support it fully.
Owning an antique map of Edinburgh is to hold a portal to the past in your hands. It is an invitation to ponder the lives that unfolded on those streets, to trace the vanished closes and the newly laid squares. It is a testament to the enduring spirit of a city that has constantly reinvented itself while forever honouring its history. Start your search, and you may just find a piece of the map that leads you to your own perfect piece of history.