In 2025, Bangladesh continues to grapple with the escalating issue of drug trafficking, which poses significant challenges to national security, public health, and social stability. Strategically located between major drug-producing regions—the Golden Triangle and the Golden Crescent—Bangladesh serves as both a transit point and a destination for various illicit substances. This article delves into the primary hotspots of drug trafficking in Bangladesh, examining the routes, involved substances, and the socio-political dynamics at play.(The Daily Star)
1. Teknaf: The Epicenter of Yaba Trafficking
Teknaf, a coastal town in the Chattogram Division, remains the most prominent hotspot for drug trafficking in Bangladesh. Situated along the Naf River, which demarcates the border with Myanmar, Teknaf serves as a critical entry point for Yaba—a potent methamphetamine tablet. Despite concerted efforts by law enforcement, the porous border and the strategic location of Teknaf continue to facilitate the influx of Yaba into Bangladesh. The region’s proximity to Myanmar’s conflict zones and the presence of organized criminal networks exacerbate the situation.(Wikipedia)
2. Rajshahi and Jashore: Cross-Border Smuggling Routes
The districts of Rajshahi and Jashore, located in the western part of Bangladesh, have emerged as significant conduits for drug trafficking. These areas share borders with India and Myanmar, making them susceptible to cross-border smuggling activities. Reports indicate that narcotics, including Yaba and Phensedyl, are smuggled into Bangladesh through these regions. The involvement of transnational criminal organizations and the challenges in border surveillance contribute to the persistence of drug trafficking in these districts.(The Daily Star)
3. Dhaka: Urban Centers as Distribution Hubs
Dhaka, the capital city, serves as a central hub for the distribution and consumption of illicit drugs. Intelligence reports have identified several urban areas within Dhaka, such as Mohammadpur’s Geneva Camp, Mirpur Kalshi, Old Dhaka, Kamrangirchar, and Karwan Bazar, as active centers for the Yaba trade. The high population density, coupled with socio-economic challenges, creates an environment conducive to the proliferation of drug-related activities. The urban setting also complicates enforcement efforts, as traffickers exploit the anonymity provided by densely populated areas.(The Daily Messenger)
4. Bandarban and the Myanmar Border: The Arakan Army’s Influence
The Bandarban district, located in the southeastern part of Bangladesh, shares a border with Myanmar’s Rakhine State. In recent developments, the Arakan Army (AA), a Rakhine militant group, has reportedly expanded its cross-border trade operations, including drug trafficking, through the Myanmar-Bangladesh border. Areas such as Fultoli and Dartojja Harta in Gojon Diya, Bandarban district, have been identified as key entry points for these illicit activities. The AA’s involvement in drug trafficking underscores the complex interplay between regional conflicts and transnational organized crime.(Rohingya Vision)
5. Chattogram Hill Tracts: A Strategic Smuggling Corridor
The Chattogram Hill Tracts, comprising districts like Khagrachari, Rangamati, and Bandarban, are strategically located along the Bangladesh-Myanmar border. These areas have become increasingly significant in the context of drug trafficking, serving as corridors for the movement of illicit substances. The region’s difficult terrain, combined with limited law enforcement presence, facilitates the smuggling of drugs into Bangladesh. The involvement of local and transnational actors in these activities poses challenges to both national security and public health.
6. Airports as Emerging Routes for Drug Smuggling
In addition to traditional land and sea routes, airports in Bangladesh have emerged as new avenues for drug smuggling. Reports indicate that traffickers are increasingly utilizing airports to transport various illicit drugs, including Yaba and methamphetamine, into the country. The use of airports for drug trafficking highlights the evolving tactics employed by criminal organizations and the need for enhanced security measures to combat this growing threat.(en.bddigest.com, Wikipedia)
7. Socio-Political Factors Influencing Drug Trafficking
Several socio-political factors contribute to the persistence and expansion of drug trafficking in Bangladesh:
- Political Instability: The political upheaval following the removal of Sheikh Hasina in 2024 has created a power vacuum, leading to increased vulnerability to organized crime, including drug trafficking. (Solace Global)
- Corruption and Weak Law Enforcement: Corruption within law enforcement agencies and border control units hampers efforts to combat drug trafficking effectively. This corruption facilitates the movement of illicit substances across borders and within urban centers.
- Economic Vulnerabilities: High levels of poverty and unemployment drive individuals, especially youth, towards involvement in drug-related activities, either as consumers or traffickers.
- Regional Conflicts: Ongoing conflicts in neighboring Myanmar, particularly the activities of the Arakan Army, have destabilized border areas, allowing criminal networks to exploit the situation for drug trafficking purposes.(Rohingya Vision)
8. Government and International Response
The Government of Bangladesh, in collaboration with international organizations, has undertaken several initiatives to combat drug trafficking:
- Enhanced Border Security: Efforts to strengthen border security, particularly in vulnerable regions like Teknaf and Bandarban, aim to curb the influx of illicit drugs.
- International Cooperation: Bangladesh has engaged in mutual legal assistance agreements with neighboring countries to facilitate information sharing and joint operations against drug trafficking syndicates.(UNODC)
- Public Awareness Campaigns: Initiatives to raise awareness about the dangers of drug abuse and trafficking have been launched to educate the public and deter involvement in such activities.
9. Challenges and Recommendations
Despite ongoing efforts, several challenges persist in combating drug trafficking in Bangladesh:
- Porous Borders: The extensive and poorly monitored borders with Myanmar and India provide easy access for traffickers.(The Daily Star)
- Resource Constraints: Limited resources and manpower hinder the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies in tackling drug-related crimes.
- Community Involvement: Lack of community engagement and support for anti-drug initiatives reduces the impact of government efforts.
To address these challenges, the following recommendations are proposed:
- Strengthening Border Surveillance: Investing in advanced surveillance technologies and increasing border patrols can help detect and prevent drug smuggling activities.
- Capacity Building for Law Enforcement: Providing training and resources to law enforcement agencies can enhance their ability to combat drug trafficking effectively.
- Community Engagement Programs: Involving local communities in anti-drug initiatives can foster cooperation and support for law enforcement efforts.
Conclusion
Drug trafficking in Bangladesh in 2025 is a multifaceted issue influenced by geographical, socio-political, and economic factors. Key hotspots such as Teknaf, Rajshahi, Dhaka, Bandarban, and Chattogram Hill Tracts serve as focal points for illicit drug activities. Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive approach involving strengthened border security, enhanced law enforcement capabilities, and active community participation. Through collaborative efforts at the national and international levels, Bangladesh can work towards mitigating the impact of drug trafficking and ensuring a safer, healthier future for its citizens.(The Daily Star)