In recent years, an increasing number of Bangladeshi students are choosing to pursue higher education abroad. Countries like the USA, Canada, Australia, the UK, Germany, and Malaysia have become popular destinations due to better academic opportunities, scholarships, and career prospects. But what is driving this trend?
This article explores the key reasons behind the rising number of Bangladeshi students studying abroad, the benefits and challenges they face, and the long-term impacts on Bangladesh’s education system and economy.
Current Trends: Bangladeshi Students Studying Abroad
According to recent data:
- Over 60,000 Bangladeshi students go abroad annually for higher education.
- The USA, Canada, and Australia are the top destinations, followed by the UK and Germany.
- Engineering, Medicine, Business, and IT are the most sought-after fields.
- The number of students applying for student visas has increased by 20% in the last five years.
This trend reflects a growing preference for international education among Bangladeshi students and their families.
Top Reasons Why Bangladeshi Students Choose to Study Abroad
1. Better Quality of Education
Many students believe that foreign universities offer:
- World-class faculty and research facilities
- Globally recognized degrees
- Practical and industry-focused curricula
Bangladesh’s higher education system, while improving, still faces challenges like outdated syllabi, limited research funding, and overcrowded classrooms.
2. More Scholarship and Funding Opportunities
Many developed countries offer:
- Merit-based and need-based scholarships (e.g., Fulbright, Chevening, DAAD)
- Part-time work permits (e.g., Canada allows 20 hours/week for students)
- Post-study work visas (e.g., Australia’s Temporary Graduate Visa)
These incentives make studying abroad more affordable and attractive.
3. Better Career and Immigration Prospects
A foreign degree often leads to:
- Higher-paying jobs in multinational companies
- Easier immigration pathways (e.g., Canada’s Express Entry, Australia’s Skilled Migration)
- Global networking opportunities
Many students see studying abroad as a stepping stone to permanent residency in developed countries.
4. Limited Seats and High Competition in Local Universities
Bangladesh has a high student-to-university ratio, leading to intense competition:
- Only 5-10% of applicants get into top public universities (e.g., DU, BUET, JU).
- Private universities are expensive but may lack global recognition.
This pushes many students to seek alternatives abroad.
5. Political and Social Stability Concerns
Frequent campus closures, political unrest, and session jams disrupt academic progress in Bangladesh. Many students prefer countries with stable academic calendars and safer environments.
6. Exposure to Diverse Cultures and Global Perspectives
Studying abroad helps students:
- Develop cross-cultural communication skills
- Gain international work experience
- Build a global professional network
7. Specialized Programs Not Available in Bangladesh
Some fields like Artificial Intelligence, Aerospace Engineering, and Renewable Energy have limited options in Bangladesh, forcing students to look overseas.
Popular Study Destinations for Bangladeshi Students
| Country | Key Attractions | Estimated Cost (Annual) |
|---|---|---|
| USA | Top-ranked universities, STEM opportunities, H-1B work visa | $20,000 – $50,000+ |
| Canada | Post-study work permit (PGWP), easy PR pathways, multicultural environment | CAD 15,000 – 35,000 |
| Australia | High-quality education, Temporary Graduate Visa (subclass 485) | AUD 20,000 – 45,000 |
| UK | Prestigious universities (Oxford, Cambridge), short-duration master’s programs | £15,000 – £35,000 |
| Germany | Tuition-free public universities, strong engineering programs | €10,000 – €20,000 (living costs) |
| Malaysia | Affordable tuition, proximity to Bangladesh, English-medium programs | $5,000 – $15,000 |
Challenges Faced by Bangladeshi Students Abroad
While studying abroad has benefits, students also encounter difficulties:
1. High Tuition and Living Costs
- Many students rely on part-time jobs, loans, or family support.
- Currency depreciation (BDT vs. USD/EUR) increases financial pressure.
2. Visa and Immigration Hurdles
- Strict visa policies (e.g., proof of funds, IELTS/TOEFL requirements).
- Post-study work restrictions in some countries.
3. Cultural and Language Barriers
- Adjusting to a new culture can be challenging.
- Non-native English speakers may struggle with academic writing.
4. Homesickness and Mental Health Issues
- Many students face loneliness, stress, and depression.
- Limited support systems in foreign countries.
Impact on Bangladesh: Brain Drain vs. Skill Gain
Negative Effects (Brain Drain)
- Loss of skilled professionals (doctors, engineers, researchers).
- Economic impact (remittances help, but long-term talent loss hurts development).
Positive Effects (Skill Gain)
- Returning students bring expertise to improve local industries.
- Global connections help Bangladesh’s trade and diplomacy.
- Increased remittances support families and the economy.
How Bangladesh Can Retain and Attract Talent
To reduce brain drain, Bangladesh should:
- Improve higher education quality (modernize curricula, increase research funding).
- Offer more scholarships and grants for local and foreign students.
- Create better job opportunities (especially in tech and research sectors).
- Strengthen ties with diaspora professionals (e.g., reverse brain drain initiatives).
Conclusion
The trend of Bangladeshi students studying abroad is driven by better education, career opportunities, and global exposure. While this benefits individual students, it also poses a brain drain challenge for Bangladesh.
By enhancing local universities, increasing research opportunities, and creating high-skilled jobs, Bangladesh can retain talent while still allowing students to gain international experience.