Domestic violence has become an alarming social issue in Bangladesh, with recent reports indicating a troubling increase in cases in 2025. Despite growing awareness and legal frameworks aimed at protecting victims, domestic violence remains widespread and, in some areas, is rising.
This article explores the multifaceted reasons behind the increase in domestic violence in Bangladesh, supported by statistics and insights into cultural, economic, and psychological factors. It also highlights government and civil society efforts to address the problem and protect vulnerable populations.
Understanding Domestic Violence
Domestic violence refers to abusive behaviors by one partner against another in an intimate relationship, including physical, emotional, sexual, and economic abuse. It affects not only women but also men, children, and elderly family members.
Domestic Violence Statistics in Bangladesh 2025
- According to recent surveys, approximately 35-40% of married women in Bangladesh report experiencing some form of domestic violence during their lifetime.
- Reports from police and helplines indicate a 10-15% increase in registered domestic violence cases compared to 2020.
- Rural areas report higher incidences due to entrenched traditional norms.
- Urban centers are seeing rising cases linked to stress, unemployment, and social isolation.
Key Causes Behind Increasing Domestic Violence in Bangladesh
1. Socio-Cultural Norms and Patriarchy
- Deep-rooted patriarchal values often normalize male dominance and control over women.
- Gender roles emphasize women’s subservience, limiting their ability to resist or report abuse.
- Victims frequently face stigma, shame, and family pressure to remain silent.
2. Economic Stress and Poverty
- Economic hardship is a significant trigger for domestic violence.
- Unemployment, underemployment, and income instability increase tension within households.
- Men facing financial stress may resort to violence as a means of exerting control or expressing frustration.
3. Lack of Awareness and Education
- Limited education about women’s rights and domestic violence leads to acceptance or ignorance of abuse.
- Victims may not recognize certain behaviors as abusive or know how to seek help.
4. Alcohol and Substance Abuse
- Substance abuse is strongly correlated with domestic violence.
- Men who consume alcohol or drugs are more likely to commit violent acts against family members.
5. Weak Enforcement of Laws
- Despite the existence of the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act, 2010, enforcement remains inconsistent.
- Victims face hurdles in reporting cases due to lack of trust in police and judicial systems.
- Corruption and societal biases can prevent justice.
6. Mental Health Issues
- Psychological stress, depression, and trauma can exacerbate violent behaviors.
- Limited access to mental health services contributes to untreated conditions that fuel domestic violence.
7. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns
- The pandemic intensified household stress due to confinement, job losses, and economic instability.
- Helpline data showed spikes in calls related to domestic abuse during lockdown periods.
Social and Psychological Impacts of Domestic Violence
- Victims suffer from physical injuries, chronic health issues, and psychological trauma including anxiety, depression, and PTSD.
- Children in abusive households face developmental challenges and may perpetuate violence in adulthood.
- Domestic violence perpetuates cycles of poverty, limits women’s participation in education and workforce, and hinders national development.
Government and NGO Responses
1. Legal Framework and Policies
- The Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act, 2010 criminalizes abuse and provides protection orders.
- The government has established One Stop Crisis Centers in hospitals offering medical, legal, and counseling support.
- Recent efforts include integrating domestic violence awareness in school curricula and media campaigns.
2. Police and Judicial Reforms
- Training programs for police officers on gender sensitivity and victim handling.
- Fast-track courts for domestic violence cases are being piloted to reduce delays.
3. NGO Initiatives
- Organizations like BRAC, Ain o Salish Kendra (ASK), and Naripokkho provide legal aid, shelter, counseling, and advocacy.
- Community mobilization and empowerment programs aim to change harmful social norms.
- Helplines and mobile apps increase accessibility for victims seeking help.
4. Public Awareness Campaigns
- Nationwide campaigns promote zero tolerance towards domestic violence.
- Engagement with religious and community leaders to foster cultural change.
Challenges in Combating Domestic Violence
- Social stigma still discourages many victims from speaking out.
- Limited resources and coordination between agencies hamper effective support.
- Rural and marginalized communities have less access to services.
- Patriarchal mindsets persist in institutions and society at large.
How Society Can Help Reduce Domestic Violence
- Educate communities about gender equality and legal rights.
- Encourage men and boys to challenge toxic masculinity and violence.
- Support victims through safe shelters, counseling, and legal assistance.
- Strengthen collaborations between government, NGOs, and local leaders.
- Promote economic empowerment for women to reduce dependency.
Conclusion
The rising incidence of domestic violence in Bangladesh is a complex issue rooted in socio-cultural, economic, and systemic factors. While awareness and legal measures have improved, much remains to be done to protect victims and change societal attitudes.
A holistic approach involving education, legal enforcement, community participation, and victim support is essential. With concerted efforts from the government, NGOs, and society, Bangladesh can hope to curb domestic violence and foster a safer, more equitable environment for all.